Stem branching from base, sometimes swollen above joints. It is native to much of north america, asia, europe, and parts of africa, and it is known elsewhere as an introduced species and sometimes a noxious weed. This plant is considered native by some authorities, while others regard it as an introduction from europe. The polygonum genus has recently been split into multiple genera, with about 30 species being reclassified in the genus persicaria. In 1753 linnaeus named this plant polygonum persicaria. It is most effective on smaller plants and has little or no residual activity.
Climbing buckwheat fallopia scandens illinois wildflowers. Polygonum persicaria red leg, spotted ladysthumb pfaf. Polygonum punctatum is a species of flowering plant in the knotweed family known by the common names dotted smartweed and dotted knotweed persicaria punctata is native to the americas, where it can be found in moist and wet habitat types from canada to argentina including the west indies. Persicaria polymorpha is a shrubby, clumpforming perennial featuring plumes panacled racemes of creamy white flowers reminiscent of goats beard aruncus dioecus which bloom throughout the summer atop leafy stems typically rising 35 less frequently to 6 tall. Prostrate knotweed polygonum aviculare knotweed family polygonaceae description. This variability includes such features as the color of flowers white, light pink, rosy pink, the. The foliage and other parts of ladys thumb persicaria maculosa are eaten by many.
Polygonum persicaria ladysthumb knotweed wildflowers. It probably is a polygonum, the flower looks more appropriate in the last image, and there is a hint of a dark splodge not always a reliable id characteristic in any case on the leaves of the first picture. Persicaria virginiana is a vigorous perennial native to missouri. Polygonum persicaria ladysthumb knotweed wildflowers of the. Water smartweed persicaria amphibia is easy to identify when the floral racemes are present as they are noticeably stouter than those of other smartweeds in illinois. Semievergreen, this handsome perennial plant may also rebloom into fall. Use our weed id to find your weed and the preen product to control it. Engl redshank, spotted ladysthumb, ladys thumb, smartweed, spotted knotweed. It belongs to polygonaceae family and it is popularly known in brazil as ervade. In illinois, it is described by illinois wildflowers 20 as one of the more common. The results can also be downloaded as a csv file unicode utf8 encoding see status, confidence level, source for definitions.
Youll find photos and details for 115 weeds plus helpful videos and other weedfighting tips. This perennial plant is about 23 long and erect to sprawling. Polygonum virginianum jumpseed, fleece flower, smartweed. Persicaria amphibia is found in almost all states and throughout canada.
Individual flowers are white to greenish white, sometimes pinkish, 18 inch long with 4 pointedtip petals. Persicaria amphibia water knotweed, swamp smartweed, water smartweed. Plants profile for polygonum persicaria spotted ladysthumb. Nonnative ladysthumb, formerly polygonum persicaria, has become widely established across north america and is one of the most common smartweeds found in minnesota. Distinguishing pennsylvania smartweed from other smartweed species persicaria spp. The species is hermaphrodite has both male and female organs and is pollinated by insects. An infusion has been used as a treatment for gravel and stomach pains. In 1753 linnaeus named this plant polygonum amphibium.
It is also present as an introduced and invasive species in north america, where it was first noted in the great lakes region. It is in flower from june to october, and the seeds ripen from august to october. Plants profile for polygonum lapathifolium curlytop knotweed. Persicaria microcephala purple fantasy and have submitted a few pics to the database. This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above.
Flowers are sparsely arranged in a spikelike raceme, 4 to 16 inches long. Stems erect or ascending, 4080 cm tall, branched or simple, sparsely pubescent or. It is in flower from august to october, and the seeds ripen from september to november. Virginia knotweed polygonum virginianum about virginia knotweed. An annual of open and disturbed ground on a wide range of soils ranging from sand to clay and peat. Pale smartweed persicaria lapathifolia is a common plant that occurs in most counties of illinois see distribution map. Triclopyr is broadleafselective and safe on most grasses.
Polygonum persicaria is an annual plant in the buckwheat family, polygonaceae. I am following the lead of others in changing this from polygonum virginianum to persicaria virginiana. Growing your own plants from seed is the most economical way to add natives to your home. Southwest colorado wildflowers, persicaria amphibia. Persicaria perfoliata basionym polygonum perfoliatum is a species of flowering plant in the buckwheat family. Allozyme variation in the polygonum lapathifolium complex. Another scientific name for this plant is polygonum pensylvanicum laevigatum.
Facw general species description a smooth to sparsely hairy annual herb. This herbaceous perennial plant is a twining vine up to 20 long that can climb adjacent vegetation and fences, otherwise it sprawls across the ground. Common names include ladys thumb, spotted ladys thumb, jesusplant, and redshank. Mild waterpepper persicaria hydropiperoides knotweed family polygonaceae description. It can grow explosively in seasonal water basins, receding waterlines of lakeshores or any moist disturbed area, and at one time was designated a countylevel noxious weed. Tried and true native plant selections for the midatlantic earlier classified as polygonum virginianum or tovara virginiana, this native commonly occurs throughout much of the midatlantic region. But the plant genus has been changed to polygonum, making the persicaria microcephala into a synonym. Persicaria pensylvanica pinkweed prairie moon nursery.
Polygonum virginianum, tovara virginiana french names. This name is a synonym of persicaria maculosa gray. It is widespread across eurasia from iceland south to portugal and east to japan. It is also called virginia knotweed and polygonum virginianum. Persicaria lapathifolia online atlas of the british and. This plant is a more or less prostrate summer annual, producing hairless stems up to 3 long. Flowers atop shiny stalks in dense uninterrupted spikes, pink or rarely white. Ladysthumb is a summer annual broadleaf weed that grows in moist soil. I am confused, when i search for polygonum microcephala purple fantasy on the web, no images are to be found. Polygonaceae buckwheat family medicinal use of red leg. It is found throughout california to an elevation of 5000 feet 1500 m and often follows human disturbance and is weedy on agricultural land and in other. Ideal for partially shaded gardens, awardwinning persicaria bistorta superba is a vigorous european bistort cultivar which elegantly displays dense, bottlebrushlike spikes of tiny pink flowers, 46 in.
The project gutenberg ebook of wild flowers worth knowing, by. Before you get started, one of the most important things to know about the seeds of wild plants is that many have builtin dormancy mechanisms that prevent the seed from germinating. The lower stems of individual plants are often decumbent along the ground. The genus common name for persicaria is now smartweed. The leaves are astringent, diuretic, rubefacient and vermifuge. Polygonum persicaria umass amherst landscape, nursery. Updated for itis by the flora of north america expertise network, in connection with an update for usda plants 20072010 reference for. It also is called jumpseed because pressure on its mature seeds causes them to jump off the plant for dispersal.
Smartweed, persicaria, polygonum enthralling ground cover. Climbing buckwheat fallopia scandens knotweed family polygonaceae description. Leaves leaf stalks are short and thick, with alternate leaves, lanceshaped, with smooth margins and sheathing stipules. Garlon 3a and other amine formulations are registered.
Scarlet smartweed persicaria coccinea illinois wildflowers. It typically forms a spreading foliage mound 23 feet tall and as wide or wider. Ladys thumb persicaria maculosa leaves also have a splotch in the middle, but the plant is much smaller and the flooweres are quite different. Select your state to view the common weeds found where you garden. Polygonum punctatum elliot is found all over on the american continent in areas of flooded, sandy or fertile land. Scarlet smartweed has been assigned such scientific names as polygonum. Insects that feed on the foliage and other parts of smartweeds persicaria spp. Plant database lady bird johnson wildflower center. This endearing perennial will provide perfect cover for edges, rocky ground and even the foot of trees and shrubs. The terrestrial form or variety of this smartweed is referred to as persicaria amphibia emersa, while the aquatic form or. They are oblong or oblongelliptic, smooth along the. Common names include mileaminute, devils tail, giant climbing tearthumb, and asiatic tearthumb.
In 1821 asa gray renamed the plant persicaria maculosa, but some botanists stanley welsh of a utah flora, for example still use the polygonum genus name. Ladys thumb persicaria maculosa illinois wildflowers. In 1821 asa gray renamed the plant persicaria amphibia and it is this name that william weber, the flora of north america, and the synthesis of the north american flora accept. It is native to most of temperate and tropical eastern asia, occurring from eastern russia and japan in.
Apparently, it has not been observed in a few counties in sw illinois. Leaves alternate 1 per node, narrowly elliptic, 215cm 456in. It is a trailing herbaceous annual vine with barbed stems and triangular leaves. The species is hermaphrodite has both male and female organs. Jumpseed persicaria virginiana ontario wildflowers. All there is to know about smartweed, persicaria, polygonum. Synonymous with and sometimes sold as polygonum polymorphum. Ladys thumb persicaria maculosa knotweed family polygonaceae description. The slender stems are light green to bright red and round, angular, or slightly ridged. The webmasters wildflower garden in urbana, illinois. Southwest colorado wildflowers, persicaria maculosa. Persicaria maculosa enjoys the same habitat as persicaria lapathifolia. Persicaria pensylvanica, pennsylvania smartweed, pinkweed. Polygonaceae in the united states east of the rocky mountains.
Polygonaceae of north america update, database version 2011 acquired. Persicaria punctata polygonum punctatum is one of the species of. It is a poor competitor, found in cultivated fields, on the open margins of lakes, ponds, streams and rivers, and on waste ground. Its abundant blooming lasts from the beginning of summer up to fall, and some varieties are even considered invasive because their spread is. Persicaria virginiana woodland knotweed prairie moon nursery. Jumpseed persicaria virginianaspikes of white flowers and, later, white seed structuresplus great foliage really stand out in a shaded garden. I am following the lead of others in changing this from polygonum amphibium to persicaria amphibia. Woodland knotweed prefers light shade and medium to moist soils typical of a woodland edge. It seems to be of little interest to rabbits and deer and makes a nice accent plant in a woodland garden.
Polygonum amphibium is a species of flowering plant in the knotweed family known by several common names, including longroot smartweed, water knotweed, water smartweed, and amphibious bistort. Lady bird johnson wildflower center focused on protecting and preserving north americas native plants through native plant lists and image galleries, conservation, education, natural landscapes, seed collection millennium seed bank msb project, preserving and restoring native communities, spreading awareness on invasive species and gardening to attract wildlife. The stems are usually light green, round, and glabrous or slightly pubescent. Tiny, white to greenishwhite, beady, jumpseedlike flowers on long, slender, wandlike stems appear in mid to late summer, but are not particularly showy. The flowers of this smartweed are showier than those of other smartweeds persicaria spp. Ladysthumb polygonum persicaria click on images to enlarge.
Water smartweed persicaria amphibia illinois wildflowers. Idaho illinois indiana iowa kansas kentucky louisiana maine maryland massachusetts michigan minnesota mississippi missouri montana nebraska. Leaves lanceshaped, pointed at tips, usually with a dark spot in the middle, dots on underside. The cultivar painters palette, which can spread aggressively, is grown. Herbaceous plants are also known as forbs or wildflowers.
Stems procumbent, decumbent, ascending, or erect, simple or branched, without obvious ribs, glabrous or appressedpubescent. Us wildflower virginia knotweed, jumpseed persicaria. Persicaria pensylvanica laevigata is the most common variety in illinois. Polygonum persicaria notes on taxonomy and nomenclature top of page p. The caterpillars of several moth species feed on persicaria species in its native north america see notes on natural enemies. Virginia knotweed, virginia smartweed other scientific names.